Linking mechanistic and behavioral responses to sublethal esfenvalerate exposure in the endangered delta smelt; Hypomesus transpacificus (Fam. Osmeridae)

Connon, Richard E; Geist, Juergen; Pfeiff, Janice; Loguinov, Alexander V; D'Abronzo, Leandro S; Wintz, Henri; Vulpe, Christopher D; Werner, Inge

Pyrethroid insecticides are known sodium and potassium channel modulators [25] , with axon demyelinating effects [27] . This the proof-of-principle microarray assessment of esfenvalerate exposure of 52-d old delta smelt, was suc-cessfully used to screen for, and further understand its mode of action, identifying neuromuscular responses, that were confirmed as highly significant through qPCR, corroborating known effects of this pesticide, but also pointing at other significant effects upon growth and development, digestion and the immune system. Gene expression assessed by qPCR on 10-d old delta smelt that verified these genomic responses are presented below. Correlations in expression between q-PCR investigated genes are shown in table 2 and fold changes in gene expression are summarized in figure 3 and table 3.