Linking mechanistic and behavioral responses to sublethal esfenvalerate exposure in the endangered delta smelt; Hypomesus transpacificus (Fam. Osmeridae)

Connon, Richard E; Geist, Juergen; Pfeiff, Janice; Loguinov, Alexander V; D'Abronzo, Leandro S; Wintz, Henri; Vulpe, Christopher D; Werner, Inge

A large percentage of uniquely annotated genes, responding to esfenvalerate exposure; 49%, were classified as involved in various biological processes. These included genes encoding for ribosomal proteins, t-RNA synthases, telomerases, uncoupling proteins and genes involved in chromosome maintenance. Of greater interest was the identification of genes involved in neuromuscular activity; representing 19% of identified sequences, a further 12% eliciting immune responses, along with 6% related to oxidative stress, respiration and iron storage and 5% relevant to apoptosis. Digestion appears to have also been affected, along with growth and development, repre- Genes selected for quantitative PCR analyses are shown in bold. * indicates genes responding at 0.0625 μg.L -1 esfenvalerate and ** indicates gene responding to both 0.0625 and 0.125 μg.L 1 esfenvalerate. Remaining genes responded only at 0.125 μg.L 1 esfenvalerate exposure. Information represents proportions of a limited number of available genes on the applied microarray. sented by genes coding for pancreatic enzymes, a zona pellucida protein; inferred to be choriogenin, and a growth hormone.