Neurologic Alterations Due to Respiratory Virus Infections

Bohmwald, Karen; Gálvez, Nicolás M. S.; Ríos, Mariana; Kalergis, Alexis M.

of this virus (Paiva et al., 2013) . Importantly, seasonal IAV H3N2 was detected in MDCK cells, identified as the cause of the neurological symptoms of the patient (Paiva et al., 2013) . Besides the main symptoms reported for seasonal H1N1, H3N2 and IBV, altered state of consciousness are consistently detected with seizures, in patients infected with pandemics IAV subtypes (Newland et al., 2003; Popescu et al., 2017; Paksu et al., 2018) . Both in this and in others studies, it has been difficult to correlate clinical signs such as CSF pleocytosis with neurological manifestation; mainly due to the low number of patients that exhibit pleocytosis (Paksu et al., 2018) . However, the presence of neuroradiological diagnosis suggests that the phenotype observed in patients may be a cause of direct viral invasion into the CNS (Paiva et al., 2013; Paksu et al., 2018) . Besides the neurological signs described above, a study in Japan reveals that patients with neurological manifestations also had mild impairment of consciousness, typically delirium or hallucinations and abnormal behavior among others, which belongs to the neuropsychiatric disorders (Manjunatha et al., 2011; Mizuguchi, 2013) . Accordingly, there is still necessary to perform more studies about the incidence of these neuropsychiatric manifestations, besides the direct evidence of this association with IV infection.