Orchestrated efforts on host network hijacking: Processes governing virus replication

Dai, Xiaofeng; Hakizimana, Olivier; Zhang, Xuanhao; Kaushik, Aman Chandra; Zhang, Jianying

Cell cycle arrest halts cell progression at a certain point in the cell cycle where cells are no longer involved in the processes concerning duplication and division. Cell cycle arrest also happens in response to damages such as defects occurred during DNA replication, and the state remains until repair takes place. Viruses may take advantage of cell cycle arrest to modulate the expression of viral or cellular genes critical for the completion of their life cycles given the fluctuating cellular protein levels during cell cycle [93] , to reduce the immune response, and to avoid early cell apoptosis (e.g. G0/G1) for the benefit of virus survival [94, 95] . Alternatively, viruses may either not be able to pass through one of these checkpoints or not capable of exiting the current phase.