Punica granatum L. Leaf Extract Attenuates Lung Inflammation in Mice with Acute Lung Injury

Pinheiro, Aruanã Joaquim Matheus Costa Rodrigues; Gonçalves, Jaciara Sá; Dourado, Ádylla Wilenna Alves; de Sousa, Eduardo Martins; Brito, Natilene Mesquita; Silva, Lanna Karinny; Batista, Marisa Cristina Aranha; de Sá, Joicy Cortez; Monteiro, Cinara Regina Aragão Vieira; Fernandes, Elizabeth Soares; Monteiro-Neto, Valério; Campbell, Lee Ann; Zago, Patrícia Maria Wiziack; Lima-Neto, Lidio Gonçalves

Analysis. Data are expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD). Differences between groups were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by the Newman-Keuls multiple comparison test. Percentages of inhibition were calculated as the mean of the inhibitions obtained for each individual experiment. p values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Figure 1 shows the HPLC analytical plot for EAFPg at 327 nm (a) and the detected components (b). These included punicalin (peak 1; retention time: 11.2 min), ellagic acid derivative (peak 2; retention time: 12.3 min), galloyl-HHDP-glucose (peak 3; retention time: 17.4 min), castalagin derivative (peaks 4 and 5; retention times: 23.6 and 26.6 min, resp.), granatin B (peak 6; retention time: 26.7 min), ellagic acid rhamnoside (peak 7; retention time: 32.2 min), kaempferol-3-O-glucoside (peak 8; retention time: 32.7 min), kaempferol derivative (peak 9; retention time: 34.9 min), and kaempferol-arabinoside (peak 10; retention time: 38.3 min).