Artesunate interacts with Vitamin D receptor to reverse mouse model of sepsis-induced immunosuppression via enhancing autophagy

Shenglan Shang; Jiaqi Wu; Xiaoli Li; Xin Liu; Pan Li; Chunli Zheng; Yonghua Wang; Songqing Liu; Jiang Zheng; Hong Zhou

Secondly, three autophagy inhibitors: 3-methyladenine (3-MA) targeting Vps34; bafilomycin A1 (Baf) blocking autophagosome and lysosome fusion; and LY294002 targeting Vps34 (also known as phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase catalytic subunit type 3) were . CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license author/funder. It is made available under a The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not peer-reviewed) is the . https://doi. org/10.1101 org/10. /2020 used in RAW264.7 cells. The results showed that TNF-α and IL-6 levels in LPS cells decreased and AS-promoting TNF-α and IL-6 levels in LPS tolerance cells were significantly eliminated when pro-incubated with Baf ( Figure 5b ) and 3-MA (Figure 5c) . Furthermore, our results demonstrated that AS markedly declined the bacteria loads in LPS tolerance cells challenged with PA and this effect could be abrogated when pro-incubated with 3-MA, LY294002 or Baf (Figure 5d) . These results indicated a potential correlation between autophagy and AS's effect.