Author: Beltran-Alcrudo, Daniel; Falco, John R.; Raizman, Eran; Dietze, Klaas
Title: Transboundary spread of pig diseases: the role of international trade and travel Document date: 2019_2_22
ID: 048g7jwq_55
Snippet: The spreading of CSF by contaminated instruments and drugs is also a possibility. Although the authors could not find any example of international spread, this route was demonstrated in Germany, during the 1971-1974 epidemic, when iatrogenic transmission was responsible for 38 outbreaks [119] . Even manufactured products like vaccines could potentially act as a vehicle in the spread of diseases. This was described in Brazil, when crystal violet v.....
Document: The spreading of CSF by contaminated instruments and drugs is also a possibility. Although the authors could not find any example of international spread, this route was demonstrated in Germany, during the 1971-1974 epidemic, when iatrogenic transmission was responsible for 38 outbreaks [119] . Even manufactured products like vaccines could potentially act as a vehicle in the spread of diseases. This was described in Brazil, when crystal violet vaccines against CSF, manufactured using samples from CSF-diseased animals, used ASF-infected animals instead, becoming implicated in the spread of the disease in Brazil [6] .
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