What makes health systems resilient against infectious disease outbreaks and natural hazards? Results from a scoping review

Nuzzo, Jennifer B.; Meyer, Diane; Snyder, Michael; Ravi, Sanjana J.; Lapascu, Ana; Souleles, Jon; Andrada, Carolina I.; Bishai, David

Only two of the health system resilience themes and capacities identified in our literature search directly overlapped with the specific health security capacities that are the focus of the JEE-namely IPC and communication (See Additional file 1: Table S3 ). Specifically, the JEE indicator on antimicrobial resistance does address IPC, but only within the context of healthcareassociated infections and associated IPC programs [12] . Additionally, the literature we collected emphasized the importance of communication between health system actors, other sectors, and the community during outbreaks [60, 68] . The JEE contains a very detailed section on communication that specifically calls out for the need for communication and coordination between stakeholders, including healthcare workers; for systems for rumor management through healthcare workers; and for formal communication mechanisms with the hospital and healthcare sector [12] .