Interactions between cyclodextrins and cellular components: Towards greener medical applications?

Leclercq, Loïc

and alkylated CDs present renal damage and dysfunction [46] . In 2008, Stella and He discussed the detailed studies of toxicology, mutagenicity, teratogenicity and carcinogenicity of various CDs [45] . Overt signs of acute toxicity are not apparent for CDs (i.e., no inflammatory response and no cell degeneration). They are also not genotoxic, not teratogenic or mutagenic. However, CDs affect the human organism only at extremely high concentrations. Nevertheless, the principal side effect of natural and modified CDs is probably the cell toxicity. This effect is directly correlated to their hemolytic activities. Indeed, several in vitro studies reported erythrocyte lysis although the toxicological implication in vivo is negligible. The lysis mechanism is related to their capacity to draw phospholipids and cholesterol out of the biological membrane (see below). Based on this, the complexation of endogenous substances are of potential interest for many applications.