Mammarenaviral Infection Is Dependent on Directional Exposure to and Release from Polarized Intestinal Epithelia

Warner, Nikole L.; Jokinen, Jenny D.; Beier, Juliane I.; Sokoloski, Kevin J.; Lukashevich, Igor S.

Parallel analysis of MOPV infection reveals a pattern of viral release similar to that observed for LCMV. As shown in (Figure 5A ), the apical infection of polarized Caco-2 cells primarily resulted in the release of infectious viral particles from the apical surface; however, basolateral release was observed. Similar to LCMV, and different from ML-29, basolateral infection of polarized Caco-2 cells resulted in the more-or-less equivalent release of viral progeny apically and basolaterally. Release from the Apical surface (black) and the Basolateral surface (red) is plotted with respect to time, with initial viral load subtracted. Values shown are the means of 3 biological replicates with the error bar representing the standard deviation of the mean. If viral PFUs were not observed, data received a place-holder value to signify samples were tested, but no data (ND) was collected. # indicates that one or more biological replicates was below limit of detection. * p-value ≤ 0.05. Parallel analysis of MOPV infection reveals a pattern of viral release similar to that observed for LCMV. As shown in (Figure 5A ), the apical infection of polarized Caco-2 cells primarily resulted in the release of infectious viral particles from the apical surface; however, basolateral release was observed. Similar to LCMV, and different from ML-29, basolateral infection of polarized Caco-2 cells resulted in the more-or-less equivalent release of viral progeny apically and basolaterally.