Selected article for: "common region and RNA polymerase"
Author: Holmes, Kathryn V.; Dominguez, Samuel R.
Title: The New Age of Virus Discovery: Genomic Analysis of a Novel Human Betacoronavirus Isolated from a Fatal Case of Pneumonia
  • Document date: 2013_1_8
    • ID: krvei97r_5
    Snippet: What features of the genome and its translational strategy are similar to or different from those of other coronaviruses? Like all coronaviruses, HCoV-EMC has a single-stranded, plus-sense, polyadenylated RNA genome about 30 kb in length. As expected, the 20-kb sequence at the 5= end of the genome is translated to yield a huge polyprotein that is cotranslationally cleaved in cis by two viral proteases into 16 functional nonstructural proteins tha.....
    Document: What features of the genome and its translational strategy are similar to or different from those of other coronaviruses? Like all coronaviruses, HCoV-EMC has a single-stranded, plus-sense, polyadenylated RNA genome about 30 kb in length. As expected, the 20-kb sequence at the 5= end of the genome is translated to yield a huge polyprotein that is cotranslationally cleaved in cis by two viral proteases into 16 functional nonstructural proteins that cooperatively form the complex machinery for viral RNA synthesis and RNA recombination. The 10-kb sequence in the 3= region of coronavirus genomes uses a different translational strategy. This region encodes 4 structural proteins with features common to all CoVs as well as several so-called accessory proteins that are different for each coronavirus and whose origins and functions are unknown. A nested series of 3= coterminal polyadenylated subgenomic mRNAs is generated in the cytoplasm, and only the gene at the 5= end of each of these mRNAs is translated. The genome reveals conservation in HCoV-EMC of several potential targets for drugs and vaccines being developed for other CoVs, including the viral spike glycoprotein (S), virus-encoded proteases, and essential enzymatic functions such as the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase and helicase.

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