Author: Peri, Sateesh; Kulkarni, Asmita; Feyertag, Felix; Berninsone, Patricia M; Alvarez-Ponce, David
Title: Phylogenetic Distribution of CMP-Neu5Ac Hydroxylase (CMAH), the Enzyme Synthetizing the Proinflammatory Human Xenoantigen Neu5Gc Document date: 2017_12_30
ID: k596omcy_1
Snippet: Sialic acids are a family of more than 50 nine-carbon sugars that are typically found at the terminal ends of N-glycans, Oglycans, and glycosphingolipids that are secreted or attached to the cell membrane. They are involved in recognition processes, frequently serving as ligands for receptor-mediated interactions that enable intercellular or host-pathogen recognition. Sialic acids may also function as a class of "self-associated molecular pattern.....
Document: Sialic acids are a family of more than 50 nine-carbon sugars that are typically found at the terminal ends of N-glycans, Oglycans, and glycosphingolipids that are secreted or attached to the cell membrane. They are involved in recognition processes, frequently serving as ligands for receptor-mediated interactions that enable intercellular or host-pathogen recognition. Sialic acids may also function as a class of "self-associated molecular patterns" (SAMPs), whose presence/absence in a species serves as a signal to modulate innate immune responses (Varki 2011) . Sialic acids are found predominantly in deuterostomes (the group including chordates, hemichordates, and echinoderms), being uncommon in other organisms (Warren 1963; Corfield and Schauer 1982; Staudacher et al. 1999; Angata and Varki 2002; Schauer 2004) .
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