Stress, Nutrition, and Intestinal Immune Responses in Pigs — A Review

Lee, In Kyu; Kye, Yoon Chul; Kim, Girak; Kim, Han Wool; Gu, Min Jeong; Umboh, Johnny; Maaruf, Kartini; Kim, Sung Woo; Yun, Cheol-Heui

Over 4 (per 5×10 5 MNC) PEDV specific IgM ASC was exited at 4 dpi Over 20 (per 5×10 5 MNC) PEDV specific IgG ASC was exited at 21 dpi and decreased to over 5 (per 5×10 5 MNC) PEDV specific IgG ASC at 25 dpi Over 3 (per 5×10 5 MNC) PEDV specific IgA ASC was exited at 7 dpi and decreased to over 2 (per 5×10 5 MNC) PEDV specific IgA ASC at 21 dpi Ileum Over 3.5 (per 5×10 5 MNC) PEDV specific IgM ASC was exited at 4 dpi Over 10 (per 5×10 5 MNC) PEDV specific IgG ASC was exited at 25 dpi MLN Over 2 (per 5×10 5 MNC) PEDV specific IgM ASC was exited at 7 dpi PEDV 1 MOI infection for 2 hrs and then washed out, cultured 24 hrs Mo-DCs Immature DCs were infected preferentially than mature DCs Infected mature DCs decreased the expression of SWC3a + CD1a + , SWC3a + CD80/86 + and SWC3a + SLA-II-DR + compared mature DCs The concentration of IL-10, IL-12 and IFN-γ from infected DC were decreased by comparing mature DCs 10 mL of PDCoV 3×10 3 TCID50/mL orally for 4 d Middle jejunum Villus height was decreased by 250 μm Crypt depth was increased by 20 μm (Chen et al., 2015) Distal jejunum Villus height was decreased by 250 μm Crypt depth was increased by 30 μm Ileum Villus height was decreased by 180 μm Crypt depth was increased by 40 μm hrs, hours; GLUT2, glucose transporter 2; HSP70, heat shock protein 70; HIF-1α, hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha; TER, transepithelial electrical resistance; FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate; LBP, LPS binding protein; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; DON, deoxynivalenol; m-TOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; WBC, white blood cell; ADG, average daily gain; TER, transepithelial electrical resistance; ZO-1, zonula occludens protein-1; FB, fumonisin B; PEDV, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus; IECs, porcine small intestinal epithelial cells; GRP78, glucose regulated protein 78; dpi, days post inoculation; MNC, mononuclear cells; ASC, antibody secreting cells; MLN, mesenteric lymph nodes; MOI, multiplicity of infection; Mo-DCs, monocytederive dendritic cells; PDCoV, porcine deltacoronavirus.