Lower Respiratory Tract Diseases Caused by Common Respiratory Viruses among Stem Cell Transplantation Recipients: A Single Center Experience in Korea

Hong, Kyung-Wook; Choi, Su-Mi; Lee, Dong-Gun; Cho, Sung-Yeon; Lee, Hyo-Jin; Choi, Jae-Ki; Kim, Si-Hyun; Park, Sun Hee; Choi, Jung-Hyun; Yoo, Jin-Hong; Lee, Jong-Wook

A total of 1038 patients received SCTs (273 autologous and 765 allogeneic) between January 1, 2007 and August 31, 2011. Over a 5-year period between 2007 and 2012, 71 CRV-LRDs were identified in 67 (6.5%) patients, and coinfection with more than two CRVs was observed in 4 (5.9%) patients. Influenza A virus and RSV coinfection was observed in two patients. HPIV and HRhV coinfection was observed in one patient, and HPIV and RSV coinfection was also observed in one patient. The baseline characteristics of the 67 SCT recipients with CRV-LRDs are shown in Table 1 . During the winter, RSV and influenza A virus were the predominant CRVs, while the proportion of HPIV infection increased through spring and summer ( Fig. 1 ). Analysis for cumulative incidences of first CRV-LRD episodes demonstrated that the most common causative pathogen of CRV-LRDs at both 100 days [cumulative incidence estimate, 23.5%; 95% confidence interval (CI), 3.3-43.7] and at 1 year after SCT (cumulative incidence estimate, 69.2%; 95% CI, 45.9-92.5) was HPIV. The cumulative incidence estimate of RSV was 6.9% (95% CI, 0.0-16.1), and only two patients presented with LRDs caused by influenza A virus and HRhV (one patient each) before 100 days following SCT ( Fig. 2A) . The cumulative incidence es- Data are presented as n, n (%), or median (interquartile range). *Others include chronic myelogenous leukemia (1), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (1), aplastic anemia (2), and mixed phenotype acute leukemia (2).