A framework for One Health research

Lebov, J.; Grieger, K.; Womack, D.; Zaccaro, D.; Whitehead, N.; Kowalcyk, B.; MacDonald, P.D.M.

In conjunction with the study design and planning, OH researchers should conduct (at least) preliminary power and sample size computations to address primary or most fundamental research questions. While some OH studies may be exploratory in nature, even a preliminary power and sample size computation may suggest modification or enhancements to the study design, including: 1) increase the breadth of sampling due to insufficient power to address the most important questions; 2) enhance outcome data collection to include more quantitative measures (rather than qualitative) to increase power; and 3) modify study design (e.g., augment design with follow up of same individuals) to enhance ability to address key questions and increase statistical power. Power computation at an early phase may help avert decisions which would otherwise result in collection of insufficient data to adequately address the most important questions. Power may also be computed mid-study (interim power) to incorporate existing data and trends, and to ensure that the existing data collection plan is sufficient to address the OH questions in light of interim trends.