Designing of CD8(+) and CD8(+)-overlapped CD4(+) epitope vaccine by targeting late and early proteins of human papillomavirus

Kaliamurthi, Satyavani; Selvaraj, Gurudeeban; Kaushik, Aman Chandra; Gu, Ke-Ren; Wei, Dong-Qing

The predicted peptides of E1, E2, E6, and L1 inhibit or trigger the P13K/AKT signaling pathway, MAPK pathway, overexpression of COX-2, downregulation of tumor suppressor p53, transcriptional repressor NF-X1 gene, multifunctional regulator gene (MYC), tumor suppressor pRb, higher expression of minichromosome maintenance proteins, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, P16 protein, antigen Ki-67, alternate reading frame protein (P14ARF), and MDM gene which are involved in uncontrolled cell division, virus immortalization, MAPK pathway, apoptosis, notch pathway, transcription, and telomerase reverse transcription ( Figure 4A ). These genes and pathways are actively involved in the development of HPV causing cervical cancers including cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and invasive cervical carcinoma. The results Figure 4B , which indicate the concentration of entities and time in different colors. After 30 seconds of time course simula-tion, all entities were constant. The results indicated that the proposed peptides of HPV45 could work as best anticancer peptides through the inhibition of various pathways involved in the cervical cancer development. The kinetics simulation was also performed using different concentrations of HPV45