2016 ACVIM Forum Research Abstract Program

Immunophenotyping of dogs with IMHA revealed increased concentrations of some pro-inflammatory cytokines compared to HC and INF dogs. Characterization of factors explaining variability in all parameters suggested development of different underlying inflammatory processes in IMHA and INF groups. Further work is required to determine whether these changes are associated with survival and whether interventions that ameliorate the effects of IL-2 and TNFa might improve outcome in dogs with IMHA. Leflunomide is an immunomodulating agent labeled for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis in humans. The drug inhibits the synthesis of ribonucleotide uridine monophosphate pyrimidine which ultimately lessens lymphocyte replication. This effect could be of benefit in the treatment of a variety of immune mediated diseases in dogs. The pharmacokinetics of leflunomide are known in dogs and the drug can suppress lymphocyte proliferation in this species. However, little clinical information concerning use of the drug in dogs is available. The purpose of this retrospective study was to report safety and efficacy of leflunomide for the treatment of naturally occurring immune mediated diseases in dogs.